7 Signs Of Diabetic Eye Disease With Treatment And 6 Tips To Prevent It!

Do you experience blurry vision, spots, floaters, or sudden vision changes? If you have diabetes, these could be early warning signs of a serious eye condition. Diabetic eye disease is a combined group of eye problems, like cataracts, glaucoma, retinal damage, and macular oedema, which can develop in people with type 1 and 2 diabetes due to damage to the blood vessels in the retina. Left untreated, it can eventually cause severe vision loss or even blindness, especially in working-age adults. This way, regular eye checkups are recommended for early detection and management of this condition.

This blog looks at the most common diabetic eye disease signs to identify for better care if you have diabetes, along with prevention and improvement tips. Let’s start by learning about diabetic retinopathy diseases and treatments!

Table Of Contents

1. About Diabetic Retinopathy Disease

2. What Are The Signs That Diabetes Is Affecting Your Eyes? 7 Signs

3. 3 Retina Diabetes Treatment Options

4. How To Prevent Diabetes Eye Disease? 6 Tips

5. How To Improve Diabetic Eyesight? 6 Ways

6. Dietitian’s Recommendation

7. The Final Say

8. FAQs

9. References

About Diabetic Retinopathy Disease

Diabetic retinopathy is a serious eyesight complication caused by diabetes. It occurs when heightened blood sugar levels damage the retina, the light-sensitive part in the back of the eye. Over time, these affected blood vessels can leak fluid or blood, causing the retina to swell and potentially leading to vision loss. 

People with diabetes have a higher degree of developing diabetic retinopathy, and the longer you have underlying diabetes, the greater your risk becomes. Poorly controlled blood glucose, high blood pressure, and other factors can accelerate the progression of this eye disease. Unfortunately, diabetic retinopathy often progresses without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. 

Regular eye exams are highly advised for early detection and treatment. While high blood sugar can cause temporary vision changes due to lens swelling, these effects usually disappear once blood sugar levels are controlled. To protect your vision, it's essential to manage your diabetes effectively by maintaining healthy blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol. 

Also Read: 8 Effective And Natural Remedies For Dry Eyes | ToneOp

What Are The Signs That Diabetes Is Affecting Your Eyes? 7 Signs

If you have diabetes, experiencing any of the following symptoms could indicate a potential eye problem. It's crucial to schedule a structured eye exam to assess your eye health. Consider these identification signs of diabetic eye disease problems for early diagnosis:

1. Changes In Night Vision

One of the first symptoms of diabetic retinopathy is often a decline in night vision. Struggling to see clearly while driving at night, noticing halos around lights, or having difficulty distinguishing objects in low light conditions may warrant a professional eye examination. These changes can be indicative of underlying eye issues.

2. Eye Discharge Or Infection

While occasional eye discharge can be normal, persistent or recurring discharge, accompanied by redness, itching, or discomfort, may signal an infection or other eye problem. Diabetes can weaken the immune functioning, making individuals more susceptible to infections. It's essential to consult an eye care specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

3. Frequent Headaches

Although headaches can have various causes, including stress or muscle tension, they can also be a symptom of underlying eye issues. If you experience an increase in headache frequency or severity, especially accompanied by changes in vision, it's advisable to schedule an eye exam.

Also Read: Tension Type Headache: Causes & Treatment - ToneOp

4. Vision Disturbances

Experiencing visual disturbances such as auras, black spots, or floating objects can be alarming. These symptoms may alarm you for a serious eye condition, including retinal detachment or retinal holes. If these disturbances occur suddenly or persistently, seek immediate medical attention from an eye specialist.

5. Chronic Eye Fatigue

While digital eye strain is common due to excessive screen time or reading, persistent eye fatigue that doesn't improve with rest may be a cause for concern. Diabetes can contribute to dry eye syndrome and other eye conditions, leading to prolonged discomfort. Consult an eye care expert to rule out any underlying issues.

6. Increased Light Sensitivity

Sudden sensitivity to light, especially if accompanied by other symptoms like eye pain or redness, could indicate an infection, corneal abrasion, or other eye problems. Diabetes can increase the chances of eye infection, so it's important to seek medical attention promptly if you experience persistent light sensitivity.

7. Difficulty Focusing

Problems focusing on objects can be attributed to various factors, including eye strain or refractive errors. However, you must consult an eye doctor if you experience persistent difficulty focusing, accompanied by blurry vision or other visual disturbances. These symptoms may be indicative of an underlying eye condition.

Also Read: Struggling With Weak Eyesight? Here Is A List Of Key Nutrients And Foods For Healthy Eyes 

3 Retina Diabetes Treatment Options

The retina, a delicate tissue at the back of the eye, helps in vision by converting light into required electrical signals that are sent to the brain. It contains millions of light-sensitive cells, widely called rods and cones. Damage to the retina, often caused by diabetic retinopathy, can significantly impair vision.

Have a look at these retina diabetes treatment options for reference:

1. Injectable Eye Medications

For conditions like diabetic macular oedema or diabetes-related glaucoma, injectable medications offer relief. Drugs such as Avastin, Eylea, or Lucentis help prevent the formation of leaky, new blood vessels in the retina, reducing swelling and fluid buildup. Steroids and anti-inflammatory medications can also be injected to control inflammation and reduce swelling.

2. Laser Surgery (Photocoagulation)

Laser surgery is a common eyesight treatment for retinal problems and macular oedema. It involves using a sharp and focused light beam to seal off leaking blood vessels, preventing further damage to the retina. This procedure can help reduce swelling, control new blood vessel growth, and improve vision.

3. Vitrectomy

In severe cases of diabetic retinopathy where significant blood or fluid leakage occurs, vitrectomy surgery may be necessary. This procedure involves removing blood and scar tissue from the vitreous gel, the clear jelly-like substance that fills the inside of the eye. Vitrectomy helps restore clear vision by allowing light to reach the retina unobstructed.

Also Read: How Does Diabetes Affect Your Heart? Know 7 Tips

How To Prevent Diabetes Eye Disease? 6 Tips

While it's not always possible to fully prevent diabetic retinopathy, taking proactive steps can significantly reduce your risk of developing serious vision problems. If you have diabetes, try these tips to prevent and reduce your risk of developing diabetic retinopathy:

1. Manage Your Diabetes

You must follow a well-guided diabetes care plan. Maintaining optimal blood sugar levels is essential for preventing diabetic eye disease. This involves a balanced diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Regular physical activity, like backwards brisk walking, swimming, or cycling, is essential for improving insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control. Consistent blood sugar monitoring helps you understand your body's response and adjust your diet, exercise, or medication. 

2. Monitor Your Blood Sugar

Regular blood sugar monitoring is essential for treating diabetes effectively and preventing complications. Checking your blood sugar levels at recommended intervals helps you maintain a healthy range and identify potential issues early on. This information empowers you to make informed diet, physical activity, and medication decisions.

3. Check Your A1C

The A1C test provides a comprehensive overview of your average blood glucose readings over the previous two to three months. Aiming for an A1C below 7% is generally recommended for most people with diabetes, but individual goals may vary. Regular A1C testing helps you and your healthcare provider track your progress and adjust your diabetes management plan.

Also Read: Discover Top 4 Tests For Diabetes And Different Methods To Check At Home!

4. Control Blood Pressure And Cholesterol

Managing blood pressure plus cholesterol levels is crucial for eyesight wellness and reducing the risk of diabetic eye disease. A heart-healthy diet, consistent exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight are essential. Medication may sometimes be necessary to achieve and maintain optimal levels. Regular check-ups plus monitoring of blood pressure and cholesterol levels are important for early detection and management of any issues.

5. Quit Smoking

Smoking is a significant reason for diabetic retinopathy and other health problems. Quitting smoking offers numerous benefits, including reduced risk of eye disease, improved lung function, and lower risk of heart disease. Seeking support from healthcare professionals or smoking cessation programs can help you quit successfully.

6. Pay Attention To Vision Changes

Regularly monitoring your vision for any changes is crucial for early detection of diabetic eye disease. Common symptoms include blurred vision, floaters, excessive dark spots, or difficulty adjusting to the light. If you experience any changes in your vision, you must schedule a prompt appointment with your eye doctor for a comprehensive examination. Early detection plus treatment can help prevent vision loss.

Note: Remember that diabetes does not necessarily cause severe vision loss. Taking an active role in diabetes care can go a long way in preventing complications.

Also Read: 7-Day Diet Plan For Diabetic Patients: Key Insights, & Foods!

How To Improve Diabetic Eyesight? 6 Ways

Consider these ways to prevent and control diabetic eye disease problems and diabetic retinopathy:

Also Read: Diabetes-Friendly Snacks Recipe To Help You Keep Full

Dietitian’s Recommendation

Diabetic eye disease is becoming more common even though great progress has been made in both preventive care and treatment of diabetes complications. The best way to avoid this disease is to manage your diabetes and control your blood sugar. I recommend that you schedule an appointment with your doctor if you notice new diabetic eyesight problems or vision changes.

                                                                                       Dt. Aditi Upadhyay

The Final Say

Anyone with diabetic eye disease problems is at risk of developing major groups of eyesight problems, like diabetes-related retinopathy. These serious diabetes eye problems require immediate treatment. Without intervention, it can soon lead to vision loss and even blindness. However, early treatment can prevent vision loss and stop the progression of the disease. So, if you think you might have complications from diabetes, schedule an appointment with your specialist to learn more about what you can do to protect your diabetes and eyesight.  

FAQs

1. How does diabetic retinopathy affect my body?

Diabetic retinopathy negatively affects blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems that can worsen without treatment and potentially cause blindness.

2. What other eye conditions are associated with diabetes-related retinopathy?

People with diabetes are at higher risk for eye conditions like glaucoma, macular oedema, and retinal detachment, which can further impact vision.

3. How can I tell if I have diabetic eye problems?

Often, there are no early warning signs of diabetic eye disease. Regular eye check-ups are required for early detection. However, blurred vision, dark spots, or sudden changes in eyesight could be symptoms. If you notice any of these, consult an eye doctor promptly.

4. How are diabetes and eyesight disease treated?

Treatment for diabetic eye disease problems depends on the severity of the condition. It often involves managing blood sugar levels, laser treatments, or injections. In severe cases, surgery might be required. Consistent eye exams and careful blood sugar control are crucial for preventing or slowing down the progression of the disease.

References

• https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/diabetic-retinopathy

• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-retinopathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20371611

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560805/

• https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/diabetic-retinopathy?sso=y

• https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/diabetic-eye-disease

• https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8591-diabetic-retinopathy#living-with

About ToneOp

ToneOp is a platform dedicated to improving and maintaining good health through a comprehensive range of goal-oriented health plans with up to 3 Coach support. With a range of Weight Management, Medical Condition, Detox Plans, and Face Yoga Plans, the app also provides premium health trackers, recipes and health content. Get customised diet, fitness, naturopathy & yoga plans and transform yourself with ToneOp.